http://popups.lib.uliege.be/3041-5527/index.php?id=737 Entrées d’index fr 0 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/3041-5527/index.php?id=4244 Nous présentons les caractéristiques techniques de deux séries de bifaces micoquiens vraisemblablement d'âge début weichsélien du Bassin parisien (Vinneuf et Verrières-le-Buisson). Ces caractéristiques semblent exister dès le Saalien et une partie d'entre-elles apparaîtrait dès l'Holsteinien en l'état actuel des données. Cela nous amène à comparer techniquement ce que nous appelons les bifaces acheuléens d'âge cromérien du nord-ouest de l'Europe (Cagny-la- Garenne 1, Boxgrove) avec les bifaces micoquiens allant du Saalien au Weichsélien. Nous émettons l'hypothèse d'une filiation du Micoquien à partir de l'Acheuléen cromérien du nord-ouest de l'Europe. Il n'y aurait pas de rupture brutale mais une substitution progressive des bifaces acheuléens par les bifaces micoquiens (industries de transition de Cagny-l'Epinette, Soucy 1, Gouzeaucourt). L'évolution sur les bifaces se fait avant celle du débitage (remplacement du débitage "clactonien" par le débitage Levallois). Le pasage Acheuléen/Micoquien semble donc complexe et est lié au passage Paléolithique inférieur/Paléolithique moyen; au moins pour la zone étudiée. The Micoquian bifaces from Vinneuf and Verrières-le-Buisson (Paris Basin) : comparison with the bifaces from acheulean sites in North-Western Europe : We expound the technical characteristics of Micoquian bifaces from Vinneuf and Verrières-le-Buisson, sites located in the Paris Basin and probably dating from the beginning of the Weichselian period. These characteristics seem to have existed from the Saalian and one part of them may have appeared since the Holsteinian. It leads us to technically compare what we call North-Western Europe "Cromerian acheulean bifaces" (Cagny-la-Garenne 1, Boxgrove) to the Saalian/Weichselian Micoquian bifaces. We suggest that the Micoquian appears thanks to an evolution of the North- Western Europe Cromerian Acheulean. There would be no sudden break but a gradual substitution of Acheulean bifaces by Micoquian bifaces (transitional industries of Cagny-l'Epinette, Soucy 1, Gouzeaucourt). The evolution of bifaces begins before that of debitage (substitution of "Clactonian" debitage by Levallois debitage). The Acheulean/Micoquian transition seems to be complex and it is correlated to the Lower/Middle Palaeolithic transition, at least in the study area. Fri, 06 Jun 2025 11:05:26 +0200 Fri, 13 Feb 2026 14:00:30 +0100 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/3041-5527/index.php?id=4244 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/3041-5527/index.php?id=4170 La littérature ancienne et les travaux récents font état de nombreuses séries attribuées au Paléolithique ayant livré des outils bifaciaux. L'organisation de la table ronde consacrée aux "industries bifaciales d'Europe occidentale" nous a fourni l'opportunité de faire le récolement de la documentation, des potentiels subsistants, d'effectuer un bilan des connaissances. The Middle Palaeolithic with bifacial tools in Normandy : Earlier literature and recent work describe many series attributed to the Palaeolithic with bifacial implements. The opportunity of this table ronde on 'bifacial industries of Western Europe' has provided us with the opportunity to synthesise current knowledge. Fri, 06 Jun 2025 10:58:36 +0200 Fri, 13 Feb 2026 13:58:29 +0100 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/3041-5527/index.php?id=4170 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/3041-5527/index.php?id=1174 When other element are lacking, the presence of colouring matter concentrations in graves can be considered as a diagnostic criteria. It is so regularly present in Early Neolithic graves, that it is considered as a diagnostic feature for Northern France funerary rituals. However, its presence remains enigmatic and raises several questions. Firstly, the use of the term of « ochre » is problematic, as it only reflects a general assumption, not a definite identification. Indeed, it is attested in about 80 % of LBK graves of the Paris Basin, but the diversity of raw materials used in unknown. The same diversity is observed in BQY/VSG graves, but in different proportions (pigments are present in less than 30 % of the graves), although we usually use the term of powdering and we ignore the exact modalities of its making and use. An important diversity of situations is reported for its use in early Neolithic graves, suggesting that pigments can be used in different ways, some funeral, others not. About 170 LBK graves are known at present in the Paris Basin. There are no graveyards, but only settlement graves. We retained 108 graves, distributed between 31 sites in the main alluvial valleys, according to the reliability of chronological attributions and the quality of documentation. The geographical and chronological distribution of this sample is representative of the original corpus. Graves localisation is similar during BQY/VSG, but the corpus is more limited : only 45 graves, distributed between 19 sites. Our purpose here is to understand the presence of colouring matter in graves, that is the modalities of its use, but also its possible functions during burials. Combining the analysis of pigment localizations and the taphonomic analysis of the corpse allows for several hypothesis. At least three different situations are observed in LBK graves. In most cases, colouring matters are associated with the skeleton (57 %). It can also be present on objects, as pearls or ceramics (11 %). Finally, coloured spots in the filling sediment are also observed (11 %). The cases distribution is different in BQY/ VSG graves, where the most frequent situation is the presence of coloured spots (two thirds of graves). In addition, combining the colouring matter distribution and the taphonomic analysis we can suggests the use of different organic objects, such as clothes and soft material envelopes or mats, containers. In fact, colouring matters are sometimes the last trace these various coloured organic objects. Colouring matters are thus present at various moments of the burial, sometimes connected to the preparation and deposit of the body, or to the deposit of funeral objects. The traceologic analysis of coloured grinding tools shows that they were used to work hides, but their use with vegetable fibres is also attested for these periods. The presence or absence of colouring matter in these graves could testify to the use of different materials (animal skins vs vegetable fibers) for objects occurring at various moments of burial, during pre-sepulchral and sepulchral stages. In this paper we advocate for the development of analytical protocols dedicated to the characterization of colouring matter use in funerary contexts. Fri, 06 Dec 2024 09:26:29 +0100 Fri, 06 Dec 2024 09:26:40 +0100 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/3041-5527/index.php?id=1174 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/3041-5527/index.php?id=907 The “Fer fort”, a non-oolitic ironstone located in the Eastern Paris Basin on the top of the Dogger cuesta in the border regions of France (Pays-Haut), Belgium (Gaume) and Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg (Gutland), was already used during the Iron Age, together with Jurassic oolitic ironstones. The “Fer fort” ironstone corresponds to the Borne de Fer ferricrete and clastic blocks of ferricrete reworked in karstic cavities of the Dogger plateau and in the entrenched valleys. Ferricretes are the results of a subtractive weathering profile on upflipted regions under climates with tropical affinities, during Early Cretaceous or/and Palaeogene periods. The “Fer fort” ironstone has numerous features specified by thin sections and chemical and mineralogical analyses, but it is almost characterized by the presence of goethite, the great content of Fe (generally more than 50 %), and the lack of phosphorus allowing its use before the Industrial era. Fri, 29 Nov 2024 16:22:03 +0100 Fri, 06 Dec 2024 09:00:03 +0100 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/3041-5527/index.php?id=907 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/3041-5527/index.php?id=724 Au sein d’une séquence stratigraphique complexe, le gisement de plein air d’Ormesson – Les Bossats livre une occupation gravettienne relativement bien conservée, et renfermant de nombreux restes fauniques fossiles et non fossiles, et parfois travaillés, ainsi que divers témoins d’aménagement de l’espace. La présente contribution est consacrée à la caractérisation de l’abondante industrie lithique associée à ces vestiges. Sont ainsi définis les principes structurants d’une production laminaire dédiée à l’obtention de supports rectilignes et plutôt étroits, couplée à une production lamellaire multimodale comprenant à la fois des solutions intégrées au débitage laminaire et des schémas opératoires autonomes. L’outillage retouché se singularise par l’écrasante domination des burins et des microgravettes, ces dernières correspondant aux composants lithiques d’armes de chasse. La confrontation des données tirées de l’examen du matériel lithique avec les autres catégories de vestiges représentées permet de reconstituer une occupation de type campement résidentiel occupé sur plusieurs semaines au minimum et dédié en partie à l’acquisition d’une quantité potentiellement très importante de ressources d’origine animale. À l’issue d’une décennie de recherche, le site des Bossats ouvre ainsi une fenêtre d’observation d’une remarquable résolution sur le fonctionnement des sociétés de chasseurs-cueilleurs au Paléolithique supérieur ancien. Within a complex stratigraphic sequence, the open-air site of Ormesson – Les Bossats yields a relatively well-preserved Gravettian occupation containing numerous faunal remains, both fossil and non-fossil and sometimes transformed, as well as various remains related to spatial organization. This contribution aims at characterizing the abundant lithic industry associated with these remains. We define the main principles of a laminar production dedicated to the extraction of rectilinear and rather narrow blades, associated with a multimodal bladelet production which comprises solutions that are integrated into blade production, as well as autonomous productions. The retouched tools are characterized by an overwhelming proportion of burins and microgravettes, the latter corresponding to the lithic components of hunting weapons. The comparison of the data drawn from the examination of the lithic material with the other categories of remains makes it possible to reconstruct a residential camp occupied during several weeks at least, and dedicated in part to the acquisition of a potentially very significant quantity of animal resources. After a decade of research, the site of Les Bossats allows for very precise observations of the functioning of hunter-gatherer societies during the Early Upper Palaeolithic. Fri, 29 Nov 2024 14:25:38 +0100 Fri, 29 Nov 2024 14:40:23 +0100 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/3041-5527/index.php?id=724