http://popups.lib.uliege.be/3041-5527/index.php?id=128 Entrées d’index fr 0 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/3041-5527/index.php?id=3000 L’abri de Siuren-I, situé en Crimée (Ukraine), démontre une longue séquence archéologique. Les analyses technologiques et typologiques des artéfacts lithiques découverts dans les Unités F, G et H confirment la présence en Europe orientale de deux industries aurignaciennes différentes, réalisée par les Hommes anatomiquement modernes autour de 28500 ans BP. La faible proportion d’outils micoquiens, ayant pour artisans les Néanderthaliens, trouvée dans les unités G et H, suggère une alternance d’occupations par des Néanderthaliennes et des Hommes anatomiquement modernes (Demidenko 2000). Les informations qu’offre le site de Siuren-I sont donc de première importance en ce qui concerne la possible co existence de deux groupes humains auteurs d’industries différentes, lors de la période de transition entre le Paléolithique moyen et le Paléolithique supérieur. Les analyses des restes fauniques, d’abord taphonomiques, attestent d’une accumulation anthropique des vestiges osseux et suggèrent une alternance relativement rapide des occupations humaines. Les études archéozoologiques suggèrent une acquisition opportuniste des proies dans un environnement qui devient plus forestier vers le haut de la séquence et un traitement différentiel des carcasses selon la taille de l’animal, et ce, quelle que soit l’Unité archéologique. Le site semble avoir servi à plusieurs reprises de campements temporaires. La continuité dans les stratégies de subsistance suggère une homogénéité comportementale entre les Préhistoriques du Paléolithique moyen et ceux du Paléolithique supérieur. Siuren-I is a stratifi ed rockshelter situated in Crimea (Ukraine) with a long archaeological sequence. Technological and typological analyses of the lithic artefacts discovered in units F, G and H confi rm the presence of two different Aurignacian assemblages, produced by anatomically Modern Humans, around 28 500 yrs BP in Eastern Europe. The small proportion of Micoquian tools, attributed to Neanderthals, found in units G and H, suggests a succession of Neanderthal and modern human occupations (Demidenko 2000). The information that the site of Siuren-I can provide is important to answer the questions raised by the possible coexistance of the two authors of those different industries, in the transitional period between the Middle and Upper Palaeolithic in Europe. The analysis of the faunal remains, beginning with taphonomic analyses, attests to the an thropic nature of their accumulation and suggests a relatively fast alternation of the human occupations. The archaeozoological studies propose an opportunistic acquisition of prey and a differential treatment of the carcasses according to their size, and this, throughout the archaeological sequence. The site seems to have been used, more than once, as temporary camp. Continuity in the strategies of subsistence suggests a behavioral homogeneity between the Middle Palaeolithic people and Upper Palaeolithic people. Tue, 11 Mar 2025 14:15:51 +0100 Tue, 24 Mar 2026 17:21:09 +0100 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/3041-5527/index.php?id=3000 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/3041-5527/index.php?id=6110 Recently, environmental studies in Moravia concentrate on the Dolní Věstonice–Pavlov project, and the related period of 30,000 – 20,000 B.P. The sites of Dolní Věstonice, Předmostí, and the peat-bog at Bulhary were continuously studied by methods of palynology (E. Rybnǐčková, H. Svobodová), palaeopedology (L. Smolíková), and malacozoology (V. Ložek, J. Kovanda). The cultural layers developed in an unstable period of climatic oscillations between the relatively temperate Wurmian Interglacial, and the Upper Pleniglacial maximum. Archaeology reflects changing behavioural patterns: an intensive land-use in the Aurignacian, resulting in a network of sites, and preference of marginal highlands, where deposition of the last loess cover was limited. The Gravettian, partly contemporary, is usually found in extended side-clusters under loess deposits near river valleys. By the end of the Gravettian, a horizon of sites with eastern-reminiscent articulated elements, emerges on strategic points along the passage from the Danube valley to the North European Plain. After 20,000 B.P., the Epigravettian constitutes a thin network of small sites, mostly in sheltered valley locations. Further inter-cultural differences are observed in strategies of subsistence, raw material exploitation, and transport. Tue, 03 Feb 2026 14:31:09 +0100 Tue, 03 Feb 2026 14:31:19 +0100 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/3041-5527/index.php?id=6110 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/3041-5527/index.php?id=5811 L’origine de l’homme moderne en Europe est l’objet de discussions autour de deux hypothèses. La première admet que l’homme moderne a remplacé les Néandertaliens au cours de la transition du Paléolithique moyen au Paléolithique supérieur. Selon la seconde, la « contribution génétique » des Néandertaliens au « pool génique » des premières populations modernes aurait été relativement importante, en particulier en Europe centrale. Dans cette région, la morphologie des derniers Néandertaliens et des Aurignaciens en porterait des témoignages. La présente étude comparative des hommes de l’Aurignacien des deux régions montre que la composante majeure du peuplement moderne paraît être intrusive et le groupe Qafzeh-Skhul donne sans doute une image correcte de la population source. Les échanges génétiques entre Néandertaliens et hommes modernes ne peuvent cependant être exclus, encore qu’aucun argument anthropologique décisif ne puisse être avancé. The origin of modern man in Europe has been the object of discussions centred around two hypotheses. The first admits that modern man replaced the Neandertals during the transition from the Middle Palaeolithic to the Upper Palaeolithic. According to the second hypothesis, the “genetic contribution” of Neandertals to the “genetic pool” of the first modern populations is held to be rather important, particularly in central Europe. In this region, the morphology of the last Neandertals and the Aurignacians bears witness to this. The present comparative study of man from the Aurignacian period from the two regions shows that the major component of the modern populating appears to be intrusive and the Qafzeh-Skhul group undoubtedly gives a correct image of the original population. Genetic exchanges between Neandertals and Homo sapiens sapiens can nonetheless not be excluded, although no decisive anthropological argument can be advanced. Tue, 06 Jan 2026 16:25:03 +0100 Tue, 06 Jan 2026 16:25:12 +0100 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/3041-5527/index.php?id=5811 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/3041-5527/index.php?id=3445 Recent approaches on ancient artifacts collections and very recent discoveries enable a detailed discussion (repertory, typology, technology, radiocarbon dates etc.) on the relative rare evidence of portable art - decorated and so-called non utilitarian objects - in the Romanian Upper Paleolithic (Aurignacian and Eastern Gravettian, about 30-13 kyr BP). The artifacts were discovered in 10 open air and cave sites especially from Moldavia and Transylvania. Most of the pieces (15) are attributed to the Eastern Gravettian and 4 belong to the Aurignacian. The types identified are: spear points in bone and roe-deer antler; bâtons percés worked in wolf and horse long bones or in roe-deer antler; decorated horse metapod; lithic objects in quartzite and graphite as well as bone and antler pieces having linear engraved decoration or notches; decorated roe-deer antler harpoon; ivory mammoth tusk fragment; fossil mollusks of Congeria species. Some artifacts are of significant importance for the phenomenon of art and of prehistoric technology in these regions; in this point of view we have to mention the fragment of bone discovered in 1998 with the engraved image of an animal's foot from Piatra Neamt, Neamt County. Another exceptional artifact is the fragment of mammoth tusk from Lespezi, Bacau County, dated at around 18 kyr showing the debitage traces on the proximal part that prove the using of notching and grooving technique and probably of transverse sawing with fiber; this should be the oldest situation of use of such a technique solution in this part of Europe. Taking into account the extreme rarity of ivory artifacts in the Upper Paleolithic of Romania it is probably that the provenance of the objects can be found in the near territories of Central and Eastern Europe (Czech Republic, Ukraine, Republic of Moldavia, Russia) where the manufacture and use of such artifacts was common in that epoch. The study contributes essentially to the definition in actual terms of typology and technology of oldest portable art objects from Romania as material expression of first spiritual manifestations of hunter-gatherer communities and allowed to integrate the data of the phenomenon in the South-East and Central European context. Fri, 11 Apr 2025 15:34:49 +0200 Fri, 11 Apr 2025 15:34:56 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/3041-5527/index.php?id=3445 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/3041-5527/index.php?id=528 The open-air Upper Paleolithic site Sungir is located near Vladimir, in the basin of Klyazma river, Russia. It was discovered in the 1956. Later excavations were conducted almost annually. The expedition under the leadership of O. Bader, N. Bader and L.A. Mihailova discovered over 4000 square meters of the site area for 24 field seasons (1957-2004). The majority of radiocarbon dates is ranged from 29,000 to 26,000 BP (34,000–30,000 BP cal.). Stone industry is characterized by an original stone assemblage with specific triangle points. Analogous industry is discovered at the sites of Streletskian culture at the Middle Done. Moreover on the Sungir site were opened two burials with remains of four people with a very rich collection of accompanying inventory. Fauna consist of large amount of reindeer, mammoth, horse and polar fox. According to distribution of the material O. Bader reconstructed the Sungir as a seasonal camp that was visited traditionally for many years by the same group of hunters. Many researchers attribute Sungir to Streletskian culture, and some scientists note in its material Aurignacian and Szeletian features. As a part of this work a general analysis of bone findings from Sungir was carried out, including technical and typological characteristics (except objects from burials). Analysis was conducted of the 171 objects, of which 94 are bone objects, 28 — antler, 49 — ivory. Tue, 26 Nov 2024 13:11:39 +0100 Tue, 26 Nov 2024 13:14:45 +0100 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/3041-5527/index.php?id=528 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/3041-5527/index.php?id=521 The general analysis of material culture of the Early Upper Paleolithic site of Sungir is complicated and hotly disputes. Personal ornaments and portable art objects – beads, pendants, zoomorphic figurines, engravings – have been the subject of study. However, in-depth study of all the giant complex (more than 15,000 items) of these objects was not provided. The first results of a new comprehensive study of personal ornaments and decorated objects allow re-evaluate the value of this material to characterize the relationship of different parts of site, as well as burials. The solution of this problem is particularly helped the identification of individual techniques of manufacture of beads certain types. New evidence of ornamental decoration on ivory objects, including all the figurines, found in the result of work with a collection from O.N. Bader excavations. Results of the study of ornament manufacturing techniques and principles of its location revealed some typical cultural characteristics Sungir. Certain influence on the technique of manufacturing certain types of Sungirian pendants had a cultural traditions Initial Upper Paleolithic of the Russian Plain (eg., Kostenki XVII/2). Aurignacian features in personal ornaments and ornament patterns are similar both in the rare materials of the Russian Plain (Kostenki I/3), and in the materials from Central and Western Europe. Using personal ornaments on the burial suits are similar to the materials of the early Gravettian of Moravia (the problem of the influence direction has not been studied). This is a complex mosaic of cultural influences in the Sungir materials provides a new look at the cultural and historical processes (including migration of people and ideas) that took place in Europe in the Early Upper Paleolithic. Tue, 26 Nov 2024 13:08:09 +0100 Tue, 26 Nov 2024 13:08:16 +0100 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/3041-5527/index.php?id=521 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/3041-5527/index.php?id=124 In our overview we endeavour to present the current state of research as regards the Levantine Upper Palaeolithic sequence from the Initial Upper Palaeolithic onwards, with particular emphasis upon the relationship between the Ahmarian and Aurignacian techno-complexes. It seems to us that the Euro-centric bias in the interpretations of the local data, initially apparent in the writings of the pioneer researchers of Levantine prehistory can still be traced, at least to a degree, in present-day studies. Thu, 14 Nov 2024 17:13:35 +0100 Thu, 14 Nov 2024 17:14:17 +0100 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/3041-5527/index.php?id=124