http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=91 Full text issues fr Mon, 13 May 2024 16:43:24 +0200 Tue, 30 Jul 2024 13:10:50 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=91 0 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2195 Optimization theory is a key technology for inverse problems of reconstruction with applications in science, technology and economy. Discrete tomography is a modern research field which deals with finite objects from VLSI chip design or medical imaging. This paper focuses on the utilization of modern optimization methods to approximately resolve the NP-hard reconstruction problem of discrete tomography. Our new approaches and introductions are based on modeling and algorithms from coding theory and optimal experimental design. Here, we combine continuous and discrete optimization with exploiting geometrical symmetries, or more generally, equivariances, in a framework of statistical learning. Tue, 30 Jul 2024 13:22:50 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2195 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2201 We found the magic square a simple problem with a very rich combinatorics : for a magic square of order n, there are n²! manners to fill tbe nxn matrix with integers between 1 and n2, without repetitions, but only very few of them are magic squares (Ball, 1963). For order 4 there are exactly 7040 magic squares. So we use the magic square as a benchmark to compare mathematical programming, namely mixed integer programming (MIP), with Genetic Algorithms (GAs), that we will show are much more powerful to solve these kind of discrete combinatorial explosive problems. Finally we developed an artificial intelligence randomized minimax algorithm that imitates a human solving the magic square and we showed that in most cases its performance, in terms of number of changes of pairs of numbers, is better than the performance of the GA algorithm. Tue, 30 Jul 2024 13:29:21 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2201 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2207 The constrained control of triple integrator based on the modes decomposition is introduced in this paper. The design combines the well known time optimal control with the linear pole assignment control, i.e. the control consist of n phases similar to the time optimal control, however the transients between these phases are "smooth" and the dynamics of the transients is given by the closed loop poles. Tue, 30 Jul 2024 13:41:25 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2207 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2214 This paper discusses the design of constrained controllers based on the modes decomposition, with respect to the symbolic solutions. A triple integrator plant has been used to illustrate the design. The paper is focused on the synthesis in a computer algebra system MAPLE, which is shown "step by step" in the paper. The designed control can be applied to a broader class of systems. Tue, 30 Jul 2024 13:48:57 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2214 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2215 The notion of anticipatory system, in particular, computing anticipatory system, implies a fundamental assumption or requirement, i.e., to be anticipatory, a computing system must behave continuously and persistently without stopping its running. However, the requirement that a computing system should run continuously and persistently is never taken into account as an essential or general requirement by traditional system design and development methodologies. As a result, a traditional computing system often has to stop its running and service when it needs to be maintained, upgraded or reconfigured, it has some trouble, or it is attacked. From the viewpoints of anticipatory computing and persistent computing, this paper shows that a new type of computing systems, named "persistent computing systems", is indispensable to design and development of true computing anticipatory systems. The paper also discusses how persistent computing systems can be constructed by soft system bus technology, and present some new scientific and technical challenges on anticipatory computing and persistent computing. Tue, 30 Jul 2024 14:35:38 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2215 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2223 A part of the human society, which either designs or manages a patient-in-bed sector of a hospital is an anticipatory system. A modern way to manage is to use (simulation) models of the sector. The exact rules holding for such systems (called patients-in-bed systems - shortly PBS) are presented in a form of axioms and for the purpose of computer models in a form of classes common for the object-oriented paradigm(OOP). The classes were applied to implement simulation models Ma oriented to the design and Mb oriented to the operation of PBS. A synthesis of both the models was made so that Mb was nested in Ma. The reason for the synthesis and the ways to overcome the difficulties are described in the paper. The two ways for to overcome the difficulties discover two ways for viewing to the anticipatory abilities of PBS. Tue, 30 Jul 2024 15:03:07 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2223 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2228 Experience of evolutionary simulation is described in the article. The first presented program simulates the macroevolution of Chordata animals inside the space with different environments. Darwinian regulations of mutating and competition were set at the initial program version, but the model shows this is not enough to explain known particularities of biological evolution. Another model demonstrates that the evolutionary stability of species is a consequence of prohibitions on some types of evolutionary modifications. Our new simulation uses alike principles as the above but this model concerns the evolution of the human ethno-populations. The central feature, which distinguishes the man evolution from other cases, is that the interaction between man-populations and environment is controlled by human culture. Tue, 30 Jul 2024 15:10:40 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2228 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2233 The present model contains vehicles traffic simulation at specified highway sector equipped with telematic infrastructure. In section 2, inside the transport system two subsystems are specified : the subsystem of transport processes as highway vehicles traffic and the subsystem of telematic tools affecting on transport processes. In section 3 there is presented modelling in Simulink module by library elements. Inside state diagrams, earlier defined objects represent model elements : highway sectors, vehicles, telematic tools. Inside section 4, the simulation of vehicle traffic in model is described as well as telematic tools interaction with these vehicles traffic. The effect of present work is the base to real time modeling methodology addressed to multimodal transport systems, especially railway transport usage. Tue, 30 Jul 2024 15:19:25 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2233 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2239 In the Theory of Systems attention is traditionally directed to the problems of control, diagnostics and correction of complex systems behavior. At present a devices and technologies are very complicate and the problem of generating goal-directed behavior is one of prior. In the general case (that is, for an arbitrary complex system) the problem of generating goal-directed behavior is algorithmically insoluble, but it can be solved by imposing certain restrictions on the system behavior. Approach to a decision of referred above problem in class of intellectual systems described by one-to-one transformations (without loss of information) is offered in this scientific work. Tue, 30 Jul 2024 15:26:23 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2239 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2246 A problem of synthesis of fault - tolerant computing systems which mathematical model is the deterministic finite automata is considered. The novelty in this paper is construnction of the object called as a bundle of automats whose operation is based on constant alternation of function of automats which are his components. It is shown that model of a bundle of automats at a design phase of discrete systems with memory may be used to proceed in operational period to signals generation corresponding to the required algorithm of functioning in enumerating form. Tue, 30 Jul 2024 15:36:09 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2246 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2253 It has been recognized that there are two kinds of cognitive maps, route map and survey map. Researchers recently have focused on the integration of both maps. The attempt to integrate them, however, entails a problem ; which type is prior to the other. This reveals an infinite regression. We propose that the paradoxical modality resulting from the integration can be expressed as a heterarchy, a dynamical hierarchical system. In the name of heterarchy, we stress negotiation among levels. If there is a discrepancy between levels, the expression of a level and interaction are destined to contain intrinsic indefiniteness. It reveals the negotiation. Route maps and survey maps are not integrated but negotiated, and those form a heterarchy. We conducted a particular experiment in which negotiations between route maps and survey maps were enhanced. Tue, 30 Jul 2024 15:41:31 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2253 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2259 Presented is an abstract model of controllable processes on partial ordered times. Emphasized is the definition of structures, of variables and their control, of uncertainty, and the study of partial ordered times and their mutual relationships. This is applied to describe evolutionary processes in general spaces, modeling physical processes by taking causality and operational time lag into account. Wed, 31 Jul 2024 12:12:55 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2259 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2266 In meeting the challenges that resulted from the explosion of collected, stored, and transferred data, Knowledge Discovery in Databases or Data Mining has emerged as a new researcha rea. However, the approaches studied in this area have mainly been oriented at highly structured and precise data pertaining to a single dimension mostly. In addition, the goal to obtain understandable results is often neglected. Since the aim of fuzzy technology has always been to model linguistic information and to achieve understandable solutions, we expect it to play an important role in heterogeneous information mining. The objective of the paper is to analyze heterogeneous information sources with the prominent aim of producing comprehensible results. Wed, 31 Jul 2024 12:19:33 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2266 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2273 The brain is a largely parallel system whose activity is induced by the functional coupling of many nerve cells, the cellular communication and learning. At present, a new type of process for signalling between cells seems to be emerging, the Volume Transmission (VT). Its underlying mechanism is the diffusion of neuroactive substances and diffusible signals, like nitric oxide (NO), in the extracellular space (ECS), extra-synaptic gap which affect the brain activity in a global way. This paper is dedicated to the Theoretical Framework of the global study framework of NO diffusion (GSFNO). We present a new model of NO diffusion based in compartmental sytems and transport phenomena, which allows to understand how NO functions as a neural signalling molecule. We model the dynamic of NO diffusion from a molecular level where the spatial dimension is discrete. This model is highly powerful for studying and determining the dynamic of NO production and diffusion, both in brain and artificial neural systems, showing the capabilities of NO in cellular signalling and learning and its influence in the anticipatory behaviour. It has category of general formal tool with biological plausibility. We present a short analysis of the model in a three-dimensional environment for properties such as the dynamic of NO release, the self-regulation effect, the diffuse neighbourhoods (DNB), among others. Wed, 31 Jul 2024 12:27:05 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2273 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2282 In the paper we present some conceptions of probability of fuzzy events, especially of intuitionistic fuzzy events and discuss them in one perspective and show the utility and helpfulness of using the probability calculus to a valuation of some economic situations. Section 1. Introduction. Probability of fuzzy events according to the idea of L. Zadeh. Section 2. Intuitionistic fuzzy sets of K. Atanassov. Section 3. Intuitionistic fuzzy event (IFE) and its probability according to the results of T. Gerstenkorn and J. Mańko. Section 4. Probability of IFE by using the theorems of decomposition and extension principle of D. Stoyanova. Section 5. Probability of IFE according to the ideas of E. Szmidt and J. Kacprzyk. Section 6. A large example showing utility and helpfulness of using a probability calculus to evaluation of some economic problems. A comparison of different results by using different methods of probability proposals. Section 7. Final remarks. Wed, 31 Jul 2024 12:35:35 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2282 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2288 System design is still challenging human mental and intellectual capacity. Consequently system design projects often fail. At the same time, anticipation and the anticipatory paradigm are not used in the multiplicity of design methods at hand. As a remedy, the ACADA (Anticipatory Computer Aided Design Approach) is proposed to be added to the methods repertoire. With ACADA it will be possible to test and verify the design before its implementation. ACADA builds on anticipatory modelling and computing in a formal (algorithmic) computer aided system followed by an association from the formal system and its parameters to the concrete living system, i.e. the Human Activity System (HAS) in focus. This way of intervening into living systems, or designing HAS, represents a new application of anticipatory theory, method, and tecbnique. Wed, 31 Jul 2024 12:40:51 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2288 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2292 An anticipatory reasoning-reacting system (ARRS) has been proposed as a highly reliable and highly secure reactive system. The most important component of an ARRS is its anticipatory reasoning engine (ARE). We have proposed temporal relevant logic (TRL) as a sound logical basis of anticipatory reasoning, and shown that parallel processing techniques are effective to efficient anticipatory reasoning. This paper presents a real ARE we are developing based on TRLs. We define basic requirements of an ARE, discuss implementation issues for an ARE, present our implementation techniques, and show and discuss some current experimental results obtained by using our ARE. Our ARE can also be used in other computing anticipatory systems where anticipatory reasoning plays a key role. Wed, 31 Jul 2024 12:53:25 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2292 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2299 Recent discovery of ADDL protein (Amyloid β-Derived Diffusible Ligand) allows the trigger mechanism causing Alzheimer's Disease (AD) to be described by principles of complex systems theory. This entails a teleological cosmology with inherent self-organized / anticipatory parameters introducing a life principle (élan vital) providing the action driving self-organization in autopoietic living systems. Interaction between this Noetic Field (élan vital) and brain is defined in terms of a Hamiltonian-Lagrange operator called the Noetic Effect. If mind/body interactions mediating this Noetic Effect drive the system away from equilibrium catastrophes causing protein misfolds may trigger the onset of AD. The discovery of ADDL also promises an AD vaccine. Wed, 31 Jul 2024 12:58:38 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2299 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2304 The Rosetta Stone, is used as a metaphor about the Central Nervous System functioning. In CNS, messages are simultaneously expressed in a linguistic form, in commands or behaviours, and in neurophysiologic processes and decisions. The meaning and intention of states expressed in a linguistic form engage anticipatory and consummatory references, intentional declarative processes and neurophysiologic decisions. From a systemic viewpoint, the meaning and intention of a concept can be formulated taking into account respectively state transition matrices which, given a certain state and an input specify respectively the next state of a system and its output. The meaning and intention of a concept are specified by a set of decision rules which allow its inclusion in the class of equivalence that specifies the concept in extension. Wed, 31 Jul 2024 13:05:57 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2304 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2311 There are many problems met, using NIT : to prepare hypertext, adequate to the learners’ semantic and episodic memory, learning styles, to overcome the stress, associated with the time, using NIT, etc. Implementation of NIT makes new demands on teacher, changing relationships between teachers and learners, focus on learning, enlarged role of teachers as facilitators, changing locus of control from teacher to learner. Anticipatory model of European University, using NIT for lifelong Leaming in consists of the following components : the appearance and development of need of learning and development of motives of learning the development of psychological peculiarities of the teacher's personality and creation of adequate learning environments in the process of learning. Wed, 31 Jul 2024 13:13:20 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2311 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2316 The Creative Thinking (CT) we can describe as ability to solve unusual problems, to create new original ideas, etc. As the study of Beresnevicius show it is possible to develop CT in young and middle adulthood. An anticipatory model of CT consists of the following parameters : flexibility, originality, fluency and elaboration. The intellectual abilities Int[tH] consist from two components : Creative abilities C[tH], and Learning contribution L[tH]. The mathematical model of the intellectual abilities Int[tH] = C[tH] + L[tH] = {C0MAX – [tH – T0H]²} + kL * tH Here C0MAX is maximum creative abilities, tH is age, kL is learning coefficient. Wed, 31 Jul 2024 13:26:55 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2316 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2337 This paper shows a process of prevision of medical diapostic based on Paraconsistent Annotated Logic, PAL. Knowing the symptoms reported by the patient, applying the Para-Analyzer Algorithm (Abe & Da Silva Filho 2001), by the Baricenter Analysis Method (Carvalho 2002) we obtain the resultant certainty degree of each illness analyzed (Carvalho, Brunstein & Abe 2004). Looking for the highest value of these certainty degrees we find a sole result that allows to determine the illness with highest certainty degree. We can decide what is the illness with highest favorable evidence by means of the symptoms reported by the patient. This illness will be the prevision of medical diagnosis. It is observed that the method presented is destined to 'adequate' illness, i.e., simple but helpful in emergencies, for instance. Thu, 01 Aug 2024 15:05:43 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2337 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2348 In contemporary neuroscientific and psychiatric research into schizophrenia, we can observe a shift in focus from the clinical dysfunctions (positive and negative symptoms) towards a mapping of the cognitive function. In this paper we look at a specific cognitive problem area in schizophrenic brain functioning, the Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC). We show what the ACC is, what it probably does and how this is relevant in research concerning certain psychiatric disorders. Then we explain the role of the ACC in choice anticipation. In this we underline the possible link between choice anticipation and the lack of 'Error Related Negativity' (ERN) in this specific area. Lastly we incorporate this approach to the problem of schizophrenic anticipation within the neuropsychoanalytical framework and the role it might play in the formation of hallucinations and delusion. Thu, 01 Aug 2024 15:17:58 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2348 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2354 Random-dot Stereogram (RDS) has been used for the research on neurophysiological mechanism of binocular vision and characteristic brain waves (VEP) evoked by three-dimensional perception were reported. However, in previous studies, because the RDS was presented to a subject rather passively with the aid of supportive devices, the VEP has been recorded at a short period by which the subject's perception of RDS and cognition of the embedded figure was not distinguishable. By contrast, we designed an experiment in which a subject was required to find out the embedded figure so that the moment of the perception of RDS appearance and the cognition of the embedded figure is distinguishable. We then estimated the moment of the cognition by EOG profiles and observed characteristic brain potentials by referring to that estimated moment. Thu, 01 Aug 2024 15:26:38 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2354 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2361 Rather than trying to build a mathematical model of consciousness on the ground of differential geometry or algebraic topology, I shall rely tentatively on traditional symbolism and representations, such as found in Sufism, Taoism, Hinduism and the hebrew Qabalah, all of them fitting nicely together. Nonetheless, in the course of this analysis will emerge situations where fractal schemes, albeit implicig are very pertinent. At the end of the process, we will meet a hierarchy of scales reminiscent of the evolution of groups of cells in a cancerous tumor, suggesting that a space-time fractality could be at work in the mechanism of consciousness. Thu, 01 Aug 2024 15:30:33 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2361 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2364 What we think is part of reality and at least partly determined by reality at the same time. The advent of knowledge engineering asks for a shift from lifeless representational and blind reductionist models towards a relational and teleological interpretation of cognition in order to embed the cognitive events in processes of meaning production or semeiosis. Such embedding is determined by the properties of perception (the senses) and the types of distinctions that can be made by semeiosis. The selection of elements in such processes that are formalizable asks for a model in which the phases that make up the process, the decision moments and their degrees of freedom ale clearly indicated. In this paper we will outline such a model for two levels : the level of sign recognition and the level of response to a sign. The decision moments will only be indicated. The practical importance of this structure lies in its potential to be interpreted as a methodolory for (formal) specification. Thu, 01 Aug 2024 15:34:54 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2364 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2368 Synergy can be seen as energy liberation by systems integration, as seen in waves sharing a common 'carrier wave'. This paper studies the synergy in co-authorship, i.e. when authors experience new insights that transcend their individual understanding. Synergy couples four perspectives, each with its own 'language' of description : l) the individual viewpoint, 2) the inter-authors relationship, 3) their inner-inter-action dynamics, and 4) new meaning in the joint context. Synergising is an art. The outcomes are the unpredictable consequences of personal involvement in the process. Process integrity determines the quality of the result. It is maintained by the authors managing their feelings to regulate their input in line with what is felt to be the common intent. Thu, 01 Aug 2024 15:39:08 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2368 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2194 Tue, 30 Jul 2024 13:14:36 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2194