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    <title>origin of life</title>
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      <title>The seeds of life</title>
      <link>http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2772</link>
      <description>In this article it isn't discussed concrete chemical mechanisms of origin of life but is given some common considerations, which can promote to the critical comprehension of existing approaches. The second section concerns physical, cybernetic and anticipatory aspects of the life evolution. The different approaches to the problems of biological evolution are discussed in the third section of the article. The attention is focused on the biosphere evolution, which is regarded as the control factor for the biological evolution. In the fourth section the problem of the origin of life is discussed. One of the conclusions is the mechanism of panspermic hypothesis could work only if the conditions on planet has specific features which can be described within a framework of so called the embryosphere hypothesis. </description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 02 Sep 2024 10:48:59 +0200</pubDate>
      <lastBuildDate>Tue, 08 Oct 2024 13:59:46 +0200</lastBuildDate>
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      <title>The Origin of Biosphere</title>
      <link>http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=3166</link>
      <description>The problem of origin of the life is broadly being discussed during very long time. The majority of the theories are founded on different hypotheses which describe origin of primary primitive organisms by some non-biological ways, for example, by self-organization of non-living substances. The origin of the biosphere (Gaia) is considered within a framework of such approaches as one of consequences of the origin and subsequent expansion of different species. At that the biosphere is described as simple sum of all organisms but not as united functional system. On the other hand, it is known that any terrestrial organisms are not able to survive and to reproduce outside the biosphere as well as without interactions with other organisms (this is possible sometimes but during only restricted time). Therefore the hypothesis about simultaneous origin of organisms and biosphere is looked quite probable. But such approach leads to several assumptions, in particular about inclusion of earliest forms of pre-life into planetary circulations. </description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 11 Sep 2024 16:23:50 +0200</pubDate>
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