http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=293 Index terms fr 0 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=1171 This paper presents a synchronization-based, multi-process computational model of anticipatory systems called the Phase Web. It describes a self-organizing paradigm that explicitly recognizes and exploits the existence of a boundary between inside and outside, accepts and exploits intentionality, and uses explicit self-reference to describe eg. auto-poiesis. The model explicitly connects computation to a discrete Clifford algebraic formalization that is in turn extended into homology and co-homology, wherein the recursive nature of objects and boundaries becomes apparent and itself subject to hierarchical recursion. Topsy, a computer program embodying the Phase Web, is currently being readied for release. Fri, 05 Jul 2024 15:26:41 +0200 Tue, 08 Oct 2024 17:18:25 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=1171 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=291 One should not forget that the initial aim of the first builders of computers and scientists in Artificial Intelligence was to make "thinking machines". Today, people are more cautious about the nature of intelligence and the difference between natural intelligence and artificial intelligence. Numerous definitions of thinking and of intelligence have been proposed. Nowadays, even consciousness, which has been taboo for a long time in the AI circles, begins to be discussed. In this paper, after a brief introduction about the different paradigms of the cognitive sciences in the last 50 years, we present the main features of a systemic holistic metamodel that has been proposed recently to interpret complex self-organizing systems evolving toward autonomy, like those found in biology, in the social and cognitive sciences. We then use this graphical language to show the specificity of living systems which is autopoiesis or selfproduction ; we then propose an interpretation of consciousness which is related to self-reference. Using these concepts, we then comment on the question raised in the title. Thu, 20 Jun 2024 16:59:57 +0200 Thu, 20 Jun 2024 17:00:11 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=291