http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=174 Publications of Auteurs Ion I. Miriță fr 0 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2449 The automatically organized cybernetic system is a dynamic system with a large number of elements (atoms molecules) where there occurs an automatic process influencing the reciprocal relations between elements and their functions so that the complex can evolve toward ever more organized states with a view to obtaining certain properties or to fulfilling an objective-function. The structure, functions and the entire cellular activity of an organism are determined by the biochemically codified genetic program in the nucleotides (genes) of dezoxyribonucleic acids (DNA) and ribonucleic acids (RNA). In Schrödinger's theoretical formulation, the electron is no longer conceived as a punctiform structure on a certain orbit, but it takes up a space. The electron forms a charge cloud with the nucleus in its center, this charge cloud or spatial charge is interpreted as a space where there is a certain likelihood of electron localization. The electron is a material wave connected with the nucleus by its electric charge. In this paper we give a dual interpretation by de Broglie (Schrödinger) waves to the genes and the genetic program of the organisms assimilated to cybernetic systems with automatic self-organization of the orbitals occupied by the electrons δ and π . Tue, 20 Aug 2024 15:02:11 +0200 Tue, 20 Aug 2024 15:02:24 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=2449 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=1312 The capacity of the carbon atom to generate linear, branched and cyclic chains by linking with other carbon atoms, enables the human brain's natural neuronal networks to materialize, with living structures, the fundamental computing algorithmic structures sequence, selection and iteration in the artificial neuronal networks of artificial intelligence. The nucleic acids DNA and RNA consist of structural units called nucleotides, which contain a purinic or pyrimidine base having the shape of a double heterocycle or a base with the shape of a heterocycle. Analyzing the structure of the bases having the shape of a heterocycle or double heterocycle, the geometric symmetry of the double links made of a σ link and a π link can be noticed. Setting out from F. Schrödinger's wave equation we use the function of orbital wave ψ or orbital. In practical models, the orbitals are considered to be bounded by surfaces of the same electronic density, and within these bounds there may occur a high electron density which accounts for the particular shape of the orbitals in the modeling representation. In our paper, the nucleic acids DNA and RNA are assimilated to cybernetic systems with automatic self-organization, by the electrons transition owing to some external actions to the orbitals geometrical shape and their distribution in space. Wed, 10 Jul 2024 10:43:44 +0200 Thu, 10 Oct 2024 16:11:10 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=1312 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=1233 The theorems established by the logicians show that the truth value of a proposition, constructed in a logical system S, cannot be enunciated in the system S itself, but in metasystem S', which refers to the proposions of the system S therefore it is not apt be confused with S'. In the paper, according to Kant's transcendental methodology, where it is asserted that any rational knowledge is either a piece of knowledge from concepts, or a piece of knowledge from the construction of concepts, the transcendental role of the non-decidable Gödelian propositions is considered in the diachronic inclusion of the axiomatic theories and metatheories. Tue, 09 Jul 2024 14:21:57 +0200 Tue, 09 Jul 2024 14:22:07 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=1233 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=920 In real condition, elements form sets whose delimitation is vague, thus defining fuzzy sets in Zadeh's acception or fluids sets according to Gentilhomme's definition. Any system characterized by uncontrollability and disorder in which the least changed in its status at a certain moment rapidly leads to important changes in the status measured at a later moment can be defined as a chaotic system. The interdisciplinary study of chaotic system has become a science of complexity or the science of the chaos. Science has always searched the order in a chaotic universe and the science of the chaos uses a geometry named fractal; fractals are defined as a form at which fractal dimension surpassed its topologic dimension or as any form at which the parts have as many details as the whole or as forms which are strictly self-similar and not statistically self-similar. The notion of information necessary involves the notion of order and the notion of order involves the rationality of system as through the relation information shows how rationally organized the elements of the system are and what rational functionality they fulfill within the order which defines the system. By introducing the concept of structural-diachronic cell associate whit the elementary amount of information (the bit) the paper interprets the concept of information in a fractal manner of maximal generality, in the sense that any fraction of the bit is a bit in itself, the structural-diachronic cells being strictly self similar. The fractal interpretation of the concept of information is the theoretical support of the Basis of Universal Knowledge Similar to the human brain. Mon, 01 Jul 2024 14:07:58 +0200 Tue, 08 Oct 2024 14:38:05 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=920 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=559 Norbert Wiener and Claude Shannon argued that the signal (communication) and the perturbations can be described only in terms of probability's theory as elements of some determined ensembles. The theory of information analyses all events from the point of view of the probability of their happening. Events can be in different states and each state can appear with a certain probabilitv. The author has designate as structural-diachronic cell the minimal tri-objectual, tri-relational, quadri propertitional ensemble expressed mathematically as a set of three minimal sets. The BIT representing the elementary unit of measure of the information, wve will associate it as a measure of the structural-diachronic cell. The non-Shannon phenomenological analysis of the measure unit of the information, in a Aristotelic-Liebnitzian demonstrates that the bit has by excellence a relational character, respectirely a semantic architecture. Two examples are given in order to presenting the method, one for form recognition and the second for the problem of the urn with 8 balls of different colours. By an innovative approach of the concept of information, the conception of inferential engines to be used in the knowledge basis of an UNIVERSAL EXPERT SYSTEM. Fri, 28 Jun 2024 08:44:28 +0200 Fri, 28 Jun 2024 17:14:15 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=559 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=170 The scientific concepts, notions and assertions are presented nowadays in an entropic and redundant manner which makes it difficult both their learning and their comprehension for the human brain, as well as impossible to be implemented in the Intelligent Systems, respectively in Artificial Intelligence. In the dialectic logic this theory is completed, extending the axiom system by raising the true non-demonstrable proposition to the rank of an axiom and adding it to the other axioms. The change of axioms in an axiom system alters the meaning of predicates and the relations on the theory, the new theory becoming a metatheory in which a new true non-demonstrable proposition can be formulated. Thus, it is possible to develop a sequence of methateories each representing a relative truth possible to replace by a larger relative truth situated on a higher step. The analysis of the dynamics of this type of propositions facilitates the elaboration of the basis of universal knowledge similar to human brain and creates the possibility of developing the general science, meant to comprise the principles of scientific thinking of all sciences, named by Leibniz « Scientiag eneralis ». In the paper, the knowledge basis is considered n-dimensional topological space, on which geometry can be defined and within it the concepts of open set and contact neighbourhood, frontier,continuity and topological transformation are operand. The metric space of the knowledge basis should not be limited only to the level of forms detected in the real space but to that of notions. The information stored in the knowledge basis must by organised in sets or classes ; the totality of classes forms the knowledge basis or the reference structure of intelligent systems. The paper establishes the relational – propertational – objectual trimatricial generalised model of the knowledgde domain organised in bodies of concepts and sets of assertions. Being integrated into the methodological strategy structuralism, the paper introduces the concepts of synchronic and diachronic relations underlying interferences and syllogisms in order to explicit the definibility and deductibility connections between the concepts and assertions of theories. Tue, 18 Jun 2024 17:13:10 +0200 Tue, 18 Jun 2024 17:13:27 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=170