http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=1298 Index terms fr 0 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=1296 This paper reports experimental work carried out in Moscow at the Institute of Control Sciences, Wave Genetics Inc. and theoretical work from several sources. This work changes the notion about the genetic code essentially. It asserts: -1) That the evolution of biosystems has created genetic "texts", similar to natural context dependent texts in human languages, shaping the text of these speech-like patterns. 2) That the chromosome apparatus acts simultaneously both as a source and receiver of these genetic texts, respectively decoding and encoding them, and 3) That the chromosome continuum of multicellular organisms is analogous to a static-dynamical multiplex time-space holographic grating, which comprises the space-time of an organism in a convoluted form. That is to say, the DNA action, theory predicts and which experiment confirms, i) is that of a "gene-sign" laser and its solitonic electro-acoustic fields, such that the gene-biocomputer "reads and understands" these texts in a manner similar to human thinking, but at its own genomic level of "reasoning". It asserts that natural human texts (irrespectively of the language used), and genetic "texts" have similar mathematical-linguistic and entropic-statistic characteristics, where these concern the fractality of the distribution of the character frequency density in the natural and genetic texts, and where in case of genetic "texts", the characters are identified with the nucleotides, and ii) that DNA molecules, conceived as a gene-sign continuum of any biosystem, are able to form holographic pre-images of biostructures and of the organism as a whole as a registry of dynamical "wave copies" or "matrixes", succeeding each other. This continuum is the measuring, calibrating field for constructing its biosystem. Wed, 10 Jul 2024 10:41:40 +0200 Thu, 10 Oct 2024 10:50:15 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=1296 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=3221 Assuming that Nature is described by a universal rewrite system and operates according to a process that we can refer to as Nature's code, we define certain numbers as being crucial indicators of how the code operates, whether in biology, chemistry or physics. We also show how these numbers originate in the most extraordinarily simple way from two numbers which correspond to the two distinct processes - conserve and create - within the system which can in tum be related to the properties of duality and anticommutativity. The numbers emerge in a number of distinct series which have distinct algebraic and geometrical representations. The geometrical structures translate easily from 3- to higher-dimensional representations, especially those of dimension 4 and 8, and also connect significantly with rotational symmetries and with Lie groups, up to E8. The fundamental particles of physics are a classic case of the operation of the number series, in which all the significant numbers are represented, and no others. The structure leads to a complete classification of fermions and bosons within an overall E8 representation. An almost parallel system emerges in the genetic code, leading to the processes of transcription and translation. Thu, 12 Sep 2024 09:34:05 +0200 Thu, 12 Sep 2024 09:34:14 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=3221 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=3216 The question we are concerned with is: how can the highly ordered replicating state which we call 'life' form within a universe where the tendency of natural processes is towards a state of increasing disorder? The existence of a machine order code or driving process for life to emerge seems to be suggested by the generation of a universal rewrite system, with its own mathematical structure, from the single assumption of a zero totality universe; and it would appear that the successive stages which this system automatically generates correspond with the algebraic and geometrical structures which are fundamental in physics and biology in particular. The system has a number of significant aspects - cardinality, rather than ordinality, 'bifurcation' at each stage, and a key stage at which symmetry breaking first occurs. The progressive stages are worked out here in both algebraic and geometrical terms and illustrated through detailed applications to genetics and particle physics. Thu, 12 Sep 2024 09:33:40 +0200 Thu, 12 Sep 2024 09:33:50 +0200 http://popups.lib.uliege.be/1373-5411/index.php?id=3216